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Light Reflection Physics

Light Reflection Simulation

Specular Reflection: Light reflects at equal angles (law of reflection)

Diffuse Reflection: Light scatters due to microscopic surface variations

Fresnel Effect: Reflection varies with viewing angle

Drag the light source to change the angle of incidence. Use controls below to adjust simulation parameters.

Simulation Controls
Basic
Advanced
Animation
0.10
0.90
Show Angle Measurements
Show Direction Vectors
1.00
1.50
0.30
Enable Fresnel Effect
Show Wavefront Visualization
1.00
Slow Motion Mode
Material & Environment
Materials
Environment
Comparison
Use Texture
0.50
0.00
1.00
Show Grid
Depth of Field
Volumetric Lighting
Split Screen View
Scientific Mode
Show physics equations and measurements

Law of Reflection

The angle of incidence equals the angle of reflection:

θi = θr

This law is the foundation of specular reflection.

Fresnel Equations

Describes how light reflects at different angles:

R(θ) = R₀ + (1 - R₀)(1 - cos θ)⁵

Where R₀ is reflection at normal incidence:

R₀ = ((n₁ - n₂)/(n₁ + n₂))²